EDG (Electronic Dot Generation):

Refers to the process of forming halftone dots on film or paper with a series of multiple exposures from a light source, through multiple fiber optic channels in a raster format without the use of a contact screen.

Efflux Cup:

A simple viscometer such as the Zahn, Shell or Hiccup; gauges viscosity readings rapidly in terms of the number of seconds required for the cup to empty through an orifice of known size.

Ektachrome™:

A color transparency manufactured by Eastman Kodak, which, unlike Kodachrome™ can be processed by amateur and professional photographers.

Ektacolor™:

A color negative used to color correct reflection copy or transparencies. It has built-in correctors and when developed looks like a Kodacolor™ negative with complementary colors or dyes in place of black silver emulsion of ordinary negatives. A color correct positive or Type C color print can be made from this material by contact or camera projection.

Electrochemical Equivalent:

The weight of an element, compound, radical, or ion involved in a specific electrochemical reaction during the passage of a unit quantity of electricity, such as Faraday, ampere hour, or coulomb.

Electrode:

A plate or terminal through which electricity enters or leaves an electrolyte.

Electrodeposition:

The process of depositing a substance upon an electrode by electrolysis. Electroplating.

Electrode Potential:

The difference in potential between an electrode and the immediate adjacent electrolyte, referred to some standard electrode potential difference as zero. (1.) Static-The electrode potential measured when no current is flowing between the electrode and the electrolyte. (2.) Dynamic-The electrode potential measured when current is passing between the electrode and the electrolyte. (3.) Equilibrium-An electrode potential measured when the electrode and the electrolyte are in equilibrium with respect to a specified electrochemical reaction. (4) Standard-An equilibrium electrode potential, measured or computed, for an electrode in contact with an electrolyte in which one or more specified ions have a specified ion activity.

Electrolyte:

(1.) A conducting medium in which the flow of current is accompanied by the movement of matter. Most often an aqueous solution of acids, bases, or salts, but includes many other media such as fused salts, ionized gases, some solids, etc. (2.) A substance which, when dissolved in a solvent, usually water, produces a conducting medium.

Electrolyte Cell:

A unit apparatus designed for carrying out an electrochemical reaction; includes a vessel, two or more electrodes, and one or more electrolytes. A plating tank and bath, plus its electrical and mechanical gear.

Electrolyte Cleaning:

Cleaning in which the work is either anodic or cathodic in the cleaning solution.

Electromagnetic Spectrum:

The band of electromagnetic waves that pass through the atmosphere, measurable by wavelength. Different wavelengths have different properties, but most are invisible–and some completely undetectable–to human beings. Only wavelengths that are between 380 and 720 nanometers are visible, producing light. Invisible waves outside the visible spectrum include gamma rays, x-rays, microwaves and radio waves.

Electromechanical Engraving:

Electromechanical engraving is accomplished on a cutting machine that operates like a lathe, rather than with the traditional chemical etching processes of the past. Engraved cells produced by this method take on a slightly different shape, and the screen angles are accomplished in a different manner than those seen in chemical etching.

Electronic Printing:

Methods capable of producing images without the use of traditional printing processes. Often electrostatic or electrophotographic in nature.

Electrons:

Constituents of all atoms and the most elementary charge of negative electricity.

Electrophotographic Printing:

The technology used in copy machines and laser printers. An electrically charged drum is hit with small beams of light. Wherever the light hits, the drum loses its electrical charge. When toner is applied, it sticks to the non-charged parts of the drum. Paper is then pressed against the drum, and the toner adheres to the paper. The paper is then heated to "set" the toner.

Electroplating:

The electrodeposition of an adherent metallic coating on an electrode for the purpose of securing a surface with properties or dimensions different from those of base metal.

Electrostatic Assist (ESA):

A method of applying a high-voltage, low-amperage charge to the gravure impression roll, which significantly improves ink transfer during printing to minimize print defects, such as skipping and snowflaking.

Electrostatic Printing:

Printing process that uses a special paper that is charged by an electron beam. The tone sticks to the charged areas. Used in large-image plotters.

Element:

A collection of atoms of one type that cannot be decomposed into any simpler units by chemical means.

Elliptical Dot:

(Sometimes called a chain dot) An oval dot used in halftone screens that improves the gradation of middle-tones, and especially skin tones.

Emboss:

Pressing an image into paper so that it will create a raised relief.

Emissive Object:

An object that emits light. Usually some sort of chemcial reaction, such as the burning gasses of the sun or the heated filament of a light bulb.

Emulsification:

In lithography, a condition resulting from the mixing of excessive fountain solution with the ink.

Emulsion:

A mixture of two or more immiscible (unmixable) materials, held together in homogeneous solution by the action of a third agent. The term "emulsifying agent" is applied to the material that is added to hold the emulsion.

Enamel:

Coated paper exhibiting high gloss, sheen, or luster.

Encapsulated PostScript file:

Computer file containing both images and PostScript commands. Abbreviated EPS file.

End Sheet:

Sheet that attaches the inside pages of a case bound book to its cover. Also called pastedown or end papers.

Energy Efficiency:

In an electrochemical process, the product of the current efficiency by the voltage.

EPA:

Environmental Protection Agency of the U.S. government.

EPS:

(Encapsulated PostScript) A file format used to transfer PostScript image information from one program to another.

ERT:

Emergency Response Team

ERV:

Emergency Response Vehicle

Etch:

To dissolve unevenly a part of the surface of a metal using an acid or other corrosive substance.

Esters:

A class of organic compounds, sometimes used as solvents, produced by reacting an acid with an alcohol, e.g., ethyl acetate, isopropyl acetate.

Etch:

To dissolve unevenly a part of the surface of a metal using an acid or other corrosive substance.

Ethyl Cellulose:

A film formerly used in gravure inks and lacquers.

Eurobind

A patented method of binding perfect bound books so they will open and lay flatter.

Evaporation:

The drying process; changing from the liquid to gaseous or vapor stage.

Expansion Ration:

For foam inks, the ratio of foam volume to original ink liquid (i.e., 7:1 air to ink).

Explosive Range:

The amount of solvent vapor in air that will burn or explode. A concentration lower or higher than the specified range will not normally burn or explode.

Extenders:

Materials used to weaken, or extend, fountain inks without changing viscosity—usually an extender varnish or an extender transparent white.

Extractives:

Tars, oils, waxes and resins removed from wood during pulping. Many are valuable byproducts.